Chapter 1
The PROBLEM and approaches to it
1.1. The research topic.
One can give a plenty of vital, household situations in which anyone can (has a full physical ability to) act in compliance with his/her intention, his common sense, but, nevertheless, different people behave differently. One is capable to perform easy and confidently work on a multi-storey building roof edge, another cannot merely step on a balcony even if it is not too high. One enters ease into a lift cabin or stands under an ice-cold shower, another loses the breath at only thinking of this. One is capable to not smoke during weeks and even years, another can do so hardly two hours.
Comparison of these behaviours shows evidently, that not always and not any intention (thought) can be realized by a man (a person, individual, subject, examinee) in his physical action or in abstention from it. Moreover. Even actual realization of intention is not yet guarantee of absence of conflict between person’s thoughts and his emotions. So, abstention from tobacco can be accompanied by bright discomfort, up to disability. A person does not approve his state (and, probably, and his behaviour), but cannot change it. Such a kind of states are named in this present research as personal dependence or obsession.
If person’s behaviour and/or his emotional state (even one of them) are not adequate to his own common sense, so there is an internal, psychical conflict between them on the one hand, and, on the other hand, with person’s intention which is expression of this common sense, is its particular, concrete manifestation. This conflict is named in this research as an internal personal dependence or shorter as an obsession. A psychical discomfort, being consequence of this conflict, is reflected enough adequately by terms nervousness, neurosis (íåðâîçíîñòü – Russ., nerwica – Pol.), etc. It is different from possible physical discomfort – up to pains and cardial symptomatology – and is added to it..
The problem is evidently illustrated by reaction of some people to frogs, spiders and other "vermin". If a woman seeing a mousy jumps on a table with squeal, her behaviour is obviously not dictated by her common sense. Moreover, she has even not had time at all to think before ahe has already appeared on the table. But in spite of the fact that she recognizes – then, later! – the behaviour as not expedient, not adequate to the situation, everything repeats next time. è